Introduction to Ionic Bonding

Introduction

Cations and anions are formed in such a way that the "Octet Rule" is satisfied.

Example:

Na(s) + ½Cl2 → NaCl(s)
ΔH°r = − 410.9 Kj (highly exothermic) Both Na and Cl in NaCl have inert gas configuration.
ionic-bonding

Energetics of Ionic Bond Formation

Definition: Lattice energy is the energy required to completely separate an ionic solid into its gaseous ions. E1 = κ(Q1Q2)/d
Where: κ is a constant = 8.99 x 109 J·m/C2, Q1 and Q2 are the charges on the ions, d is the distance between ions.

Lattice energy depends on:
Lattice energy increases as:

Exercise: Energetics of Ionic Bond Formation

Exercise: Energetics of Ionic Bond Formation

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 Solutions




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